Mainly transmitted through blood & blood products.
Incubation period 6-7 weeks.
Clinical illness is mild, usually asymatomatic (50%) with a high rate of (more than 50%) chronic hepatitis, which may lead to cirrhosis of liver or liver cancer.
Diagnosis : Clinical diagnosis established in person with signs & symptoms of acute hepatitis by ruling out acute HAV and HBV infection.
Anti-HAV blood test available but are costly.
Homeopathy prevention :
Health education to inform general public about risk of transmitting infection with the use of unsterile equipment.
Other Health Tips and Articles
- Hepatitis A Introduction : Formerly known as “Infective” hepatitis or epidemic jaundice, caused by hepatitis A virus. Although mortally is less (0.1%) patients may be incapacitated for many weeks. Incidence & Prevalence : Exact incidence difficult to calculate due to high proportion of asymptomatic case4s however according to W.H.O. it is 10-50 persons per 1,00,000 population per year. Agent : Hepatitis A virus is an enterovirus, which multiplies only in hepatocytes. Faecal shedding of virus is at...
- Hepatitis B Introduction about Hepatitis B : Formally known as serum hepatitis hepatitis. Usually, it is an acute self limited infection, which may be either subclinical or symptomatic. In approximately 5 to 15% of cases. Infection may cause progressive liver disease including active hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Incidence & Prevalence : It is endemic throughout the world. In India carrier rate in general population is 5 to 7%. Agent : Hepatitis B virus is DNA virus, replicates...
- Fibrinogen deficiency The fibrinogen molecule is 30 times as long as it is broad. This asymmetry is responsible for the increased viscosity of the blood, and the increased rouleaux formation of red cells. Increased sedimentation rate of red cells of the blood occurs when there is increased amount of fibrinogen in the plasma. Fibrinogen is formed principally in the liver, and the plasma normally contains 180 to 400mg. fibrinogen per 100ml. .When fibrinogen concentration falls to 60mg....
- Prothrombin accelerator defects Plasma factor defects. Deficiency of accelerators of prothrombin activity gives rise to haemophilia in which the coagulation time is prolonged. Haemophilia is inherited as a sex-linked recessive character transmitted from affected males to unaffected female conductors. Haemorrhage occurs either spontaneously or from slight trauma. Subcutaneous or intramuscular haemorrhage and bleeding from the mucous membrane of mouth are common. Haemorrhage into the joints is often (haemarthrosis ) characteristic. An absence of the Factor VIII (anti –...
- Examinations in the Diagnosis of Anemia Blood smear examination provides useful data for diagnosis in Anemia cases. The aetiology of Anemia has been correlated the peripheral erythrocytic morphology as there are specific morphological changes in the peripheral blood for various aetiological factors of Anemia. Preponderance of large well-stained red cells (macrocytes) with large sized hypersegmented neutrophil polimorphs or gaint metamyelocytes in blood smears with megaloblastics bone marrow, suggest deficiency of vitamine B 12 or folic acid, as in pernicious Anemias or...
- Aplastic Anemia The term “ aplastic anemia” denotes a rapidly fatal process occurring most frequently in young adults characterized by anemia and often associated with high fever, bleeding from the mucous membranes, and ulcerated lesion of the pharynx and gums. The anemia is persistent and often severe, accompanied in most instances by granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia. This concept of the disorder has further been broadened and a more chronic course of the disease is seen more often than...
- Anemias due to Deficiency Iron deficiency Anemias . The blood picture is of the hypochromic microcytic type. The red cells contain less hemoglobin, hence low M.C.H.C. The factors which cause iron deficiency are as follows :- (1) chronic loss of blood by external haemorrhage – eg. Bleeding ulcers, tumours, piles, epistaxis, repeated haemoptysis, hook- worm disease etc. (2) excessive need of iron during growth, pregnancy, or lactation. (3) Inadequate absorption of iron due to diarrhea, vomiting, achlorhydria, and resection...
- DEFECTS IN PLATELETS Platelets are derived from megakaryocytes of bone marrow. These are oval and thin, non-nucleated discs 2 to 3 microns in diameter. Normal count – 250,000 – 500,000 per c.mm. of blood. Agglutination of platelets is favoured by substances exuded by injured tissue, and inhibited in vitro, by anticoagulants like citrate or oxalate, or in vivo, by heparin and dicoumarol. Their number is increased by the acute blood loss, trauma, partial asphyxia and splenectomy. The platelets...
- Myeloids Leukemias ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA Commonly in children and young adults; more males. The onset is often sudden ; high rise of temperature, pain in the back and limbs, a sore throat, and bleeding from the gums. Rapidly progressing anaemia, tenderness over the sternum and other bones. In the terminal stage , enlarged spleen and liver, a generalized haemorrhagic tendency ; death in a few months. Blood Changes Total WBC – 20,000-50,000 per c.mm, rarely above 100.000per...
- Defects and Abnormalities in Blood Vessels The conditions which come under this group can be classified under four heads. I. Congenial. Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasis, hereditary haemorrhagic thrombasthenia, Glanzmann’s and von Willebrand’s disease II. Infective . Toxic : Haemorrhagic scarlet fever, measles. Enbolic : Meningococcal or typhoid septicaemia, Endocarditis III. Nutritional. Vitamin C deficiency. IV. Allergic. Henoch-Schonlein purpuras, focal infection, serum sickness In all these conditions the determining factor of the haemorrhagic disorders is weakness of the capillary walls. The resistance of...